Heating device



March 27, 1928. 1,663,640

A. PAls HEATING DEVICE Filed Oct. 5, 1925 3 Sheets-Shea?l 1 March 27, 1928.

A. PAIS HEATING DEVICE Filed Oct. 5, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ig; e

March 27, 1928. 1,663,640

A. PAls HEATING DEVICE f Filed Oct. 3, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 '[01] MMM hrs ANG: nu;

Patented Mar. 27, 1928.

1,663,646 PATENT oFFica.

ALEXANDER rAIs, or BUCHAREST, RUMANIA, ALEXANDER PAIS, AND CoNsTANTIN PAIS,

ASSIGNOR TO THEODOR POPESCU, ALL F BUCHAREST, RUMANIA.

HEATING DEVICE.

Application led lOctober 3, 1925, Serial No. 60,381, and in Austria August B, 1925.

VIn order to provide economical heating arrangements for all kinds of industrial purposes, very many 'different kinds of heatingv devices havebeen proposed comprising I aheating body charged with a temperature .equalizing -medium, for example heating devices with Perkins tubes, hot water or steam heating, and the like. If however, these knownheatingdevices are adapted for one purpose, they are unsuitable for other industrial and domestic purposes. This is particularly the case with kitchen stoves ofthe usual type,the manipulation and manner of operation of which have for long been standardized. It `has not hitherto been found possible when applying the means used inl theabove mentioned industrialheating plants to kitchen stoves, to maintain these well-known characteristics. Efforts have been made to overcome these disadvantages by the use of cooking boxes completely surrounded by insulating material and provided -with individual heating heating arrangements but heating devices of this description require different handling vfrom that which has been usual in the past and moreover do not provide the economy sought for.

The present invention furnishes a solution Lof the problem set forth and according to the invention thereis provided as a heating body,.a metal'block which is heated from a source ofheat and which is provided internally with a plurality of 4inter-connected passages charged once and for all with a ltemperature equalizin medium, the metal 'block being completey enveloped in heat insulating material, excepting at those parts of its surface whichv cooperate with the heat source, and at those parts of its surface which serve to deliver up heat.

In the accompanying drawings is illustrated a `kitchen ,stove as a constructional example of the invention.

Fig. 1 showsfthe stove in a diagrammatic longitudinal section.

Fig.y 2 is a cross section on the line II-II ofFig. 1.

'Fif 3 shows a ,longitudinal section on 5 the ligne 'III- III of Fig. -l.

4 shows a plan view of the stove.

In' Figs. 5 and 6 is shown, in two characteristicpositions, one form of means for the yside '7 of the block. consists of a grate 20,

regulation of the heat delivery, these figures being cross sections on the line V-V of Figfl.

Fig. 7 shows, to an enlarged scale, a second form of regulating device for the heat delivery, in cross section on the line VII-VII of Fig. 4. Y

Figs. 18-11 show a constructional'form of block in side elevation, plan and section on the lines X-X and XI--XI of Fig. .9.

In Figs. 12-15 is shown a second constructional form of block in side elevation, plan and in cross section on the lines XIV- XIV and XV-XV of Fig. 13.

The stove according to Figs. v1 7 comprises a metal block .fr which, as will be described later, is traversed internally by a systemof closed pressure and gas tight passages. The system of passages is charged once .forfall with a-temperature equalizing medium which may beheated in the constant Volume ofthe passage system without its mass changing.

A heating device is provided under the block w and delivers its heat to the under The heating device a fire door 21, an ashpan y22, afire space 23, `a plurality of flame passages 24 (Fig 3) and Aaf-flue25 which may be closed by means of the stopper 2G. The block and the'heatingdevice are covered in a suitable manner byvmeanso'f insulating-bodies. The insulating vbodies are air-ranged partly fixed and partly movable relative to the block and the heating device. The fixed insulating bodies 30'enclose a hollow space 22, 23,24. For cooking purposes, an oven 31 is provided on the heat delivering surface 9. The rear end of thestove is closed by a lid 32 constructed as an insulating body. 'The upper wall ofthe hollow space which lies upon the heat delivering surface 9 of the block w is 'provided here and there with openings 35, 36, 37 which may be opened and closed by movable members which are made to fit the openings and are constructed so as to be heat insulated.

The openings 35, 36 runtransverselyfacross the -whole breadth of the stove. The members 45 a-nd 46 which cooperate lwith .these openings are formed vas sliders. The sliders 45, 46 are providedwith curved recesses 50 upon rone of their small sides. On the other small side of each is provideda'handle-l for actuating the slider. It the sliders C5 and 46 are in the position of the slider 45 in Fig. Ll, then the heat delivery openings and 36 are completely covered. By moving the sliders l5, 46 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. et, the size of the heat delivery surface and consequently the amount of heat delivered to the object which is to be heated, tor example a saucepan 58, may be controlled (see tor example the position of the slider 46 in Figs. e, 5 and 6). The opening 37 shown in Figs. 1, et and 7 is circular, tapers towards the heat delivering surface 9 and may be closed by means of a tapering cover e7. 1in the neighbourhood ot the opening 37 there is similarly an arrangement for regulating the heat delivery to the object which is to be heated, for example the saucepan 54. rlthis regulating arrangement consists et a two-armed lever 57 which is mounted so as to be rotatable about the axis 58. One arm 57 et the lever is situated in a slot in the block ai in such a manner that the end ot the arm 57 lies approximately in the middle' ot the opening 87. The second arm 57 et the lever may be adjusted by means et the adjusting screw 60. It the regulating device is in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 7, the saucepan 511 rests completely upon the heat delivering surface 9 oit the opening 37. ln this position heating ot the saucepan takes place. It it is desired to interrupt the heating it is only necessary to rotate the screw 60 so that the lever 57 takes the posi tion shown in the dotted lines. By rocking the lever 57 the saucepan is raised from the heat delivering surface 9 and the heating ot the saucepan is consequently interrupted by the interposition of air. The openings 35, 36, 37 extend to the heat delivering tace 9 Voit the block a. The insulating container together with the whole oit its contents rests upon tour 'feet 40.

The metal block a; is shown in one vform in Figs. 8 to 11 and in another term in Figs. 121to 18. The block shown in Figs. 811 consists of a metal plate in which a pluralit-y or" parallel passages 71 are provided. The passages 71 are arranged in a row ie-r parallel to the heat delivering surface 9. rThe ends of the passages are interconnected by transverse passages 73, 7e. ln the system oit passages consisting ot passages 71, 73, 7a which intercommunicate with one another, is inserted once and for all the substance which, between the temperature limit-s within which the stored heat is to be used, is in the condition of a saturated vapour under pressure.

In the constructional example occording to Figs. 12-15 the block consists oi' a metal plate 75 which is transversed longitudinally by passages 76, 77. The passages 76 are ot smaller diameter and lie in a row 1"-ff parallel to the heat delivering surface 9. The

nosas/io passages 77 are of larger diameter and lie in a row W-r beneath the passages 76. rllhe passages 76 are interconnected by transverse passages 80, 8l and the passages 77 are interconnected by transverse passages 82, 83. rlhe transverse passages 80, 82and 8l. 83 respectively are further interconnected by short vertical passages 85. lt tollows, therefore, that the whole ot the longitudinal passages 76, 77 in the bloclr. .ce are in communication with one another.

The construction ot the bloclr according to ligs 8-15 may be carried out in many different ways. Preferably the block :12 consists of cast iron or steel plate with cast in passages. Thus the passages may consist of tubes, 'for example Mannesmann tubes, which are cast in simultaneously with the casting ont the bloclr. The action of the tem# perature equalising means depends upon the 'fact that the heat is supplied so uniformly to the whole system ot passages and thence to the whole mass et the block 4that the block, both when heating up and also when cooling, is at the same temperature throughout. Yihe method ot operation ot the tem perature equalization is as follows:

The nature and quantity ot' the temperature equalizing medium which is inserted within the passage system et the block once and tor all, are so selected that, within the temperature limits between which the heat is to be used, they are partly in the condition et a saturated vapour. lil, for example, temperatures oit from 10()o C. to 2409 C. are required, alcohol, water, etc., are inserted in the passage system of the block, that is to say a substance which between these limits is in the condition ot a saturated vapour.

iie manipulation and operation et the stove which has been described is as follows: Betere the stove is heated the stopper 26 is removed, the flue 25 placed in connection with a chimneyvand, after the placing ot fuel upon the grate 20, the heating device is put into action. Vlhe temperature equal izing medium which has been enclosed once and for all, so as to be pressure and gas tight within the passages in the block ai is preferably heated to such a temperature that, having regard to the nature and quantity ot the medium, the conductivity ot the medium is approximately at its highest value. l?? hen the temperature equalizing medium is in this condition, the thermal energy will be conveyed very nearly instantaneously and at exceedingly high etticiency through the heating surface 7 of the. block to the heat delivery point (the surface 9), and the heat may be taken from this surface and utilized for the desired purposes by uncovering one or other of the openings 35, 36, 37 by moving the slider i5 and L.t6 or by removing the cover 4:7.

lWhen the above mentioned favorable conleo llo

dition of the heat conductivity of the temperature equalizing medium has been reached, the re may be completely removed and by replacing the stopper 26 and closing the sliders 45, 46 and the cover 47 it is possible to completely insulate the whole device. In this condition the heat which was stored under favorable and thermally economic conditions may be drawn off from the stove, accordin to requirements, during a long time wit out suppl ing further heat. For this purpose it is on y necessary to move one or both of the sliders 45, 46 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4 or to raise the cover 47 and to insert the boiling or baking vessel in the uncovered opening 35, 36 or 37 or in the oven 31.

In order to ensure the direct transference of the stored heat from the block to the object to be heated (the boiling or baking vessel) care must be taken that there is a good heat conducting connection between the object to be heated and the heat delivering surface 9. This may be attained in a number of different ways. In one form this favorable heat conductivity can be obtained by grinding the upper surface of the heat delivering surface 9 and the lower surface of the object to be heated, for example the saucepan. In this manner when such a saucepan is placed upon the surface 9 the ground surfaces contact uniformly at all points, and nowhere between the surface is there any interposed medium such as residual air. Another manner in which good conductivity may be obtained is by providing a lm of easily fusible metal between the heat delivering surface and the object to be heated, the melting point of this metal being below the temperature at which heat is to be delivered. As an intermediate metal various alloys are suitable, for eX- ample, Woods metal.

The heating device fulfills the most exacting requirements as far as thermal economy and manipulation are concerned. The construction of the heat reservoir as a block with passages and with substances inserted in these passages in the manner described renders it possible to attain in a simple manner the most complete thermal insulation conceivable. By using all the individual elements of the present invention, in combination a heating device is produced which, for example in its use as a kitchen stove,

renders it possible, by heating once in 24 hours with a very much smaller quantity of fuel than has been possible up to now, to obtain a very rapid conduction of heat for a long time after the heating up. Moreover a feature of particular advantage is that no temperature fluctuations of any kind take place, but an absolutely uniform temperature, is obtained which both for boiling and also for baking is of great advantage.

I claim:

1. A heating device com rising a heat conducting block, a source o heat for heating said block and provided internally with a plurality of interconnected passages charged once and for all with a temperature; equalizing medium, the metal block being completely enveloped in heat insulating material excepting at those parts of its surface which cooperate with the heat source and those parts of its surface which serve to deliver up heat.

2. A heating device according to claim 1 in which the block consists of a cast metal body having closed passages for the temperature equalizing medium, said passages being formed during the casting of the block.

3. A hea-ting device according to claim 1 in which the heat delivering surface of the block is ground at those parts of the surface from which heat is taken.

4. A heating device according to claim 1 having a film of easily fusible metal at those parts of the surface from which heat is taken.

5. A heating device according to claim 1 having means for interposing heat insulating means between the heat delivering surface of the block and the heat receiving ob- Jeet.

6. In a heating device, the combination with the elements claimed in claim 1, of a heat delivery regulating device comprising means for raising the object which is to be heated from the heat delivering surface of the block.

7. In a heating device, the combination with the elements claimed in claim 1, of a heat delivery regulating device, a lever on the heat delivering surface of the block, and an actuating device for operating said lever.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ALEXANDER PAIS. 

